Double pile fabric



(No Model.)

F. PEARSON.

DOUBLE PILE FABRIC. No. 484,607. Patented Oct. 18, 1892.

iQ @xn WTNEsslzs A Y INVENTOR:

NTTED STATES PATENT Erica'.

FRED PEARSON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

DOUBLE PILE FABRIC.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 484,607, dated October18, 1892.

Application iiled April 2, 1892. Serial No. 427,442. (No model.)

To all wle/ont it may h/cern.'

Beit known that I, FRED PEARSON, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State ofPennsylvania,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in DoublePile Fabrics, of which the following is a specification.

.My invention relates to plushes and other plle fabrics woven double andproduced, as is usual, by simultaneously weaving two webs each of whichforms the backing for a complete single web of plush, which webs areunited by pile threads interwoven with both and subsequently cut toseparate th'e webs.

The pile threads of plushes formed as double pile fabrics having thesame weave, and f ormed in a power loom, have heretofore been 1n pairsinterwoven with the weft threads of said fabrics, that is to say, eachdent has comprised two pile threads, one of which, the first, has beeninterwoven in any usual manner with four of the weft threads of theupper fabric, and has then been crossed to the lower fabric,-and theother, the second, has been interwoven with the corresponding weftthreads of the lower fabric,-the rst pile thread has been interwovenwith the succeeding four weft threads of the lower fabric and thenreturned to the upper fabric, while the second pile thread has beeninterwoven with the second four weft threads of the upper fabric, andthen returned to the lower fabric. This is commonly known as the Utrechtweave. The two pile threads of each pair thus manipulated are of course,when crossed,

brought into close contact with each other,

and when the fabrics are separated the two adjacent pile ends failtostand upright but tend to lie over on their sides and be one behind theother in an oblique relationship, whereby a furrowed or ridged aspect isimparted to the finished fabric which detracts from its appearance andmarket value.

In an application for Letters Patent filed by me in the United StatesPatent Office upon March 31, 1891, as Serial No. 387,114, I have showndescribed and claimed, a double pile fabric in which two webs consistingof ground warp and weft threads are united by pile warp threads whichpass and repass from one web to the other to form tufts in the resultingfabrios, and in which, to prevent the backing out or displacement of thetufts of pile, supplementary weft threads and supplementary warp threadsare interwoven with the ground webs to form a backing for the same.

It is the object of the present invention to form a double pile fabric,in which one of the webs produced shall embody the valuablecharacteristics of the Utrecht" weave, that is to say shall have itspile ends each interwoven in such manner with its picks of ground weftthat said ends are retained in place with the required firmness, withoutthe use of tuft holding auxiliary weft threads, but shall be free fromthe ridging incident to said weave when carried on in the usualmanner,-and

the other of which shallbe of a character similar to that of one of thewebs of the double fabric forming the subject matter of the applicationhereinbefore referred to.

In the accompanying drawings I illustrate and herein I describe apreferred form of a convenient embodiment of myinvention, the particularsubject mattei' claimed as novel being hereinafter definitely specified.

In the drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal sectional elevation of adouble pile fabric convenientlyembodying my invention. Fig. 2 is adiagrammatic View of the lirst or upper web or fabric shown in Fig. 1,being a face plan of said fabric, after the separation of the webs, andFig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of the second or lower fabric, being aface plan of said fabric, after the separation of the webs.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

In the drawings, a', d2, a3, a4, &c. are the ground weft threads, orpicks of ground weft, of the first or upper fabric, and b', b2, b3, b4,dac. are the ground weft threads, or picks of ground weft, ofthe secondor lower fabric.

c c are the ground Warp threads of the lirst fabric, and d d are thegroundA warp threads IOO the thread a3 thereof, returns to the lower weband passes beneath the thread 123, over the threads 114 175, and underthe thread 196, tl1ereof,-passes to the upper web and around the threada7 thereof,-returns to the lower web and passes beneath the thread 197,over the threads 138 199, and under the thread 1910, thereof, passes tothe upper web and around the thread a thereof,-retu rns to the lowerweb, and so on.

e is a single pile warp thread interwoven with both webs the course ofwhich is as follows: Starting at the left hand end of Fig. l said threadpasses over the thread air/ passes to the lower web and beneath thethread 1J', over the threads 132 b3, and under the thread 124,thereof,-passes to the upper web and around the thread a5thereof,-passes to the lower web and beneath the thread 195, over 'Ehethreads 116 117, and under the thread bs, thereof,-passes to the upperweb and around the thread a9 thereof, passes to the lower web, and soon.

.Each pile warp thread engages alternately wlth a number of picks ofweft of the second web and a single pick of weft of the first web, andeach in returning to the second web passes beneath the pick of weftthereof next succeeding that last preceding pick of weft thereof beneathwhich it passed.

The threads e e' do not exist side by side but are preferably laterallyseparated by the ground warp threads of the respective fabrics.

The upper web is, as described in my said application, attended by theincident that after the separation of the fabrics the loops composingthe pile ends or tufts are liable under pressure to be forced bodilybackward and through or out of the web. I therefore provide said webwith reinforcing` or holding threads which are so maintained in positionupon the rear face of the said web as to prevent such movement of saidpile ends or tufts L.

g g2 g3 g4 dac. are a series of what I term loop or tuft holding weftthreads, or picks of loop o'r tuft holding weft thread, upon the back ofthe first or upper web, and they preferably correspond in number anddistribution with the ground weft threads of said web. Each loopholdingweft thread is held by suitable means upon' the ground weft threadbeneath it, and, in such position, it extends transversely across thebacks of the tufts or loops of the pile warp threads surrounding orengaged with said ground weft thread and firmly retains said loopsagainst displacement. The means to which I prefer to resort to securesaid loop holding weft threads in position are supplementary warpthreads 1L, h', the arrangement and position of which threads areillustrated in Fig. 1, in which a pair of said threads are shown asbinding the loop holding weft threads to the ground weft threads, thatis to say, said supplementary warp threads pass respectively above theloop holding weft threads and below the ground weft threads, and arecrossed after every second pick of the loop holding weft and ground weftthreads.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent:

l. A blank adapted to be cut or split to form two pile fabrics, andconsisting of two webs each composed of ground warp and weft threads,and of pile warp threads interwoven with both webs, each pile warpthread alternately engaging with a single pick of weft of the first weband with a plurality of picks of weft of the second web,-tuft holdingweft threads applied to the rear face of the first web, andsupplementary Warp threads by which said tuft. holding weft threads arebound to the ground weft threads of the first web, substantially as setforth.

2. A blank adapted to be cut or split to form two pile fabrics, andconsisting of two webs each composed of ground warp and weft threads,and of pile warp threads interwoven with both webs, each pile warpthread engaging alternately with a number of picks of weft of the secondweb and a single pick of weft of the first web, and each when returnedto the second web, passing beneath that pick of weft thereof nextsucceeding the last preceding pick of weft thereof beneath which itpassed,-tuft holding weft threads applied to the rear face of the firstweb, and supplementary warp threads by which said tuft holding weftthreads are bound to the ground weft threads of said first web,substantially as set forth.

3. A blank adapted to be cut or split to form two pile fabrics, andconsisting of two webs each composed of ground warp and weft threads,and of pile warp threads interwoven with both webs, each pile warpthread passing under one then over two then under one pick of weft ofthe second web, passing then to the first web and around a pick of weftthereof, passing then to the second web and under one then over two thenunder one pick of weft thereof,-passing then to the first web and arounda pick of weft thereof, and so on, each pile warp thread` engaging withall the picks of weft of the second web,-tuft holding weft threadsapplied to the rear face of the first web, and supplementary warpthreads by which said tuft holding weft threads are bound to the groundweft threads of said first web, substantially as set forth.

4. A blank adapted to be split or cut to form two pile fabrics, andconsisting of two webs each composed of ground warp and weft threads,and of pile warp threads interwoven with both webs, each pile warpthread alternately engaging with a single pick of weft of the first weband with a plurality of picks of weft of the second web,tuft holdingweft threads the picks of which are immediately behind those picks ofground weft of the first web with which the pile threads are engaged,and supplementary Warp threads by which said tutt holding weft threadsare bound to IOO IIO

the ground weft threads of the first web, suh-w stantially as set forth.

5,. A blank adapted to loe cut or split to form two pile fabrics, andconsisting of two Webs each composed of ground warp and weft threads,and of pile warp threads interwoven With both Webs, each pile Warpthread alternately engaging with a single pick of Wett of the irst weband with a plurality of picks of weft of the second web, tuft holdingweft threads corresponding in number and distribution With the picks ofground weft of the first web, applied to the rear face of said rst web,and supplementary Warp threads by Which said tuft holdingweft threadsare bound l I 5 to the ground weft threads of the irst Web,"dsubstantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have hereuntoset my hand this 14th day of March, A. D. 1892.

FRED PEARSON.

In presence of- F. NORMAN DIXON, R. M. RUSSELL.

